Bacterial Pathogens in Wound and Burn Infections: A Comprehensive Review

Abstract

Wound and burn injuries are a massive burden on healthcare in the world, and infection is the most common and severe complication that results in the delay of the healing process, sepsis, multi-organ failure, and death. The healing process is disturbed by the colonization and further infection of these injuries with bacterial pathogens and is a challenge to clinical management. This review includes a complete discussion of the bacterial ecology of wound and burn infections together with a focus on the most common pathogens, This includes the Gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus (especially MRSA) and Gram negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii and multi drug resistant Enterobacteriaceae) the virulence factors as well as the development of antimicrobial resistance, and discuss existing methods of diagnosis, standard and emerging treatment approaches and point to the growing need of innovative anti-infective and biofilm disrupt This complicated landscape is important to understand in order to enhance patient outcomes during the era of increased antibiotic resistance.